The PEFA assessment will provide a framework for assessing and reporting on the strengths and weaknesses of public financial management (PFM) using quantitative indicators to measure performance. The performance indicators focusing on key PFM elements, with evidence based assessments and scoring methodology, will facilitate identifying appropriate future reform agenda including entry points in areas not covered presently. Therefore, the PEFA assessment will help Government of Uttarakhand identify the next level of priority areas for further PFM reforms.

Ozone Cell, MoEF&CC, and NIPFP shall collaborate in the implementation of the activities related to development of a National Policy framework including strategy for the implementation of the Kigali Amendment in India. The objective of the assignment is to develop a policy framework and strategy for implementing HFC (hydrofluorocarbon) phase-down considering the compliance obligations under the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol and the principles enshrined in the Country Program of India for ODS (ozone-depleting substances) phase-out, without adversely affecting industrial and economic growth and protecting consumer and public interests. 

To what extent do frequent elections impact the implementation of projects and schemes? Can these be quantified to ascertain the likely “loss” for the country? The study aims to assess the impact of frequent elections on the implementation of ongoing schemes. The implementation of the MCC and its undeniable impact on policy actions and freeze on any type of new or fresh expenditures. Simultaneously, the induction of a very large number of government staff for election duty impacts both normal revenue collections and implementation of ongoing programmes and schemes. An impending electoral calendar may also tempt the ruling dispensation to announce programmes, schemes and subsidies and/or tax waivers or concessions designed to influence voters. These programmes could be part of the budgetary announcements or post-budget announcements in an election year. Resources for these could be found by implicit reduction in some other expenditure allocations. The impending electoral calendar may lead to an expenditure spree not matched by related outputs or outcomes to favour chosen areas and agents. 

This paper can help in understanding how nominal interest rate and primary deficit played a role on affecting the debt position for United Kingdom.  Also, this paper discusses sovereign debt in the context of historical events in UK.  This country experience (from UK) can help inform India as it is headed towards a high sovereign debt regime.